Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose while working together to provide protection, comfort, and hygiene.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Soft, porous materials for breathability

Key properties:
– Soft and non-irritating
– Quick-drying surface
– Allows liquid to pass through rapidly

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Cotton or rayon blends

Absorption characteristics:
– High liquid retention capacity
– Rapid absorption rate
– Minimal rewet (keeps surface dry)

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually composed of:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Non-woven materials with barrier coatings

Important features:
– Liquid-proof
– Flexible and durable
– May include adhesive strips for secure placement

### 4. Adhesives

Various adhesives are used for:

– Attaching wings (if present)
– Securing the pad to underwear
– Bonding different layers together

Types include:
– Pressure-sensitive adhesives
– Hot melt adhesives
– Water-based adhesives

## Additional Components

### Fragrance and Deodorants

Some pads incorporate:

– Natural or synthetic fragrances
– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda

### Wrapping Materials

Individual wrapping may use:

– Polyethylene film
– Biodegradable materials
– Printed non-wovens

## Material Properties and Performance

The combination of these materials creates pads with:

– High absorption capacity (up to 10 times their weight)
– Odor control features
– Comfortable fit and flexibility
– Hypoallergenic properties for sensitive skin
– Breathability to reduce skin irritation

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments focus on:

– Biodegradable materials
– Organic cotton options
– Reduced plastic content
– Sustainable production methods

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers develop better products that meet diverse needs while addressing environmental concerns.