Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Soft, breathable materials with quick-dry properties

Key properties: Softness, breathability, and rapid liquid transfer to the absorption layer.

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most critical component that determines the pad’s absorption capacity. Common materials include:

– Wood pulp (fluff pulp)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Cotton fibers
– Blends of these materials

The absorbent core can hold up to 10 times its weight in liquid, with SAP being particularly effective at locking in moisture.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene films
– Breathable microporous films
– Non-woven fabric composites

Modern back sheets are designed to be both leak-proof and breathable for comfort.

### 4. Adhesive Layer

This component keeps the pad in place:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for attachment to underwear
– Non-slip materials like silicone dots on the wings

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Organic Cotton

Some manufacturers use organic cotton for:

– Top sheets
– Absorbent cores
– Wing coverings

Benefits include hypoallergenic properties and environmental sustainability.

### 2. Bamboo Fiber

Increasingly popular for its:

– Natural antibacterial properties
– High absorbency
– Eco-friendly characteristics

### 3. Charcoal-Infused Layers

Some premium pads incorporate activated charcoal for:

– Odor control
– Additional antibacterial protection
– Improved moisture management

## Material Properties and Performance Factors

### Absorption Capacity

Determined by:

– SAP concentration
– Fluff pulp quality
– Core structure design

### Breathability

Affected by:

– Material porosity
– Back sheet technology
– Overall pad construction

### Skin Safety

Important considerations:

– Hypoallergenic materials
– Absence of harmful chemicals
– pH-balanced formulations

## Environmental Considerations

Modern sanitary pad materials are evolving to address environmental concerns:

– Biodegradable options
– Plant-based plastics
– Reduced SAP content
– Compostable components

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials directly impacts product performance, comfort, and safety. As technology advances, we’re seeing more innovative materials that combine superior functionality with environmental responsibility. Understanding these components helps consumers select products that best meet their needs while supporting sustainable practices in feminine hygiene product manufacturing.