Time to read: 5 min

HDPE injection molding uses high-density polyethylene (HDPE), a cost-effective thermoplastic with good tensile strength and high impact resistance. This commodity plastic also has strong moisture resistance and is relatively easy to injection mold. HDPE is used in many applications, but it has a high rate of thermal expansion. Consequently, injection-molded HDPE parts are prone to higher shrinkage rates if they’re not designed and manufactured properly.

If you’re considering HDPE injection molding for your plastics project, keep reading to learn more about high-density polyethylene, including: 

• Advantages of HDPE
• Disadvantages of HDPE
• HDPE Injection Molding Applications
• Properties of Injection Molded HDPE
• Design Guidelines for HDPE Injection Molding
• HDPE Processing Guidelines
• Potential Alternatives to HDPE
• Succeeding With HDPE Injection Molding

Then, create a free Fictiv account and upload your part drawing. Along with design for manufacturing assistance (DFM) from our engineering experts, you’ll gain access to our carefully vetted network of manufacturing partners. Why search for an HDPE injection molder on your own when you can get expert DFM feedback and leverage the power of Fictiv?    

Advantages of HDPE

Injection molded HDPE provides important advantages.

Cost-Effective

HDPE, a type of polyethylene (PE), is a commonly used injection molding material that is significantly less expensive than specialty plastics and polymer blends. HDPE is readily available and has lower minimum order quantities (MOQs) than specialized materials.  

Mechanical Properties

HDPE can’t compete with engineering plastics in terms of performance, but it’s an attractive, low-cost option for many applications that require good tensile strength, impact resistance, and overall toughness.  

Chemical Resistance

Injection-molded HDPE resists a wide range of chemicals, including strong acids and bases. It also resists some oxidants and reducing agents. HDPE can be attacked by halogenated hydrocarbons, however, and it has limited resistance to mineral oils.  

Disadvantages of HDPE

Despite its advantages, HDPE also has disadvantages that part designers need to consider.

High Thermal Expansion

HDPE has a relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion (143 μm/°C), a property that describes the extent to which a material expands with an increase in temperature. Because heating occurs during injection molding, HDPE parts can expand significantly. In turn, injection-molded HDPE may experience warping when it contracts during cooling.

Difficult To Bond

High-density polyethylene is a low surface energy (LSE) material that is very difficult to bond. Overmolding, an injection molding technique that molds one material over another, is ill-suited for HDPE. Specialized glue and adhesives for HDPE are available, but plastic fusion welding can also be used for assembly.  

Flammable

HDPE is petroleum-based and highly flammable. It begins to burn when exposed to temperatures above 340°C and will continue to burn since it’s not self-extinguishing. For reduced flammability, HDPE grades with flame-retardants are available.

HDPE Injection Molding Applications

HDPE can be injection molded for industrial, automotive, and consumer goods applications. Food contact applications are less typical, but FDA grades of HDPE plastic are available. 

Industrial Applications

• Storage tanks
• Crates
• Mufflers
• Housings

Automotive Applications

• Fuel tanks
• Reservoirs for brake and washer fluids
• Cabin compartments
• Interior trim

Consumer Goods Applications

• Boat docks
• Cutting boards
• Plumbing fixtures 
• Outdoor cabinets

Properties of Injection Molded HDPE

HDPE is available in various brands and grades. The table below contains typical physical, mechanical, and injection molding properties of this popular material. 

Table 1: Properties of HDPE

Design Guidelines for HDPE Injection Molding

HDPE parts that are poorly designed are more prone to injection molding defects. When you work with Fictiv, however, you’ll get DFM feedback that can help minimize risk. To learn about part design, download our free “Injection Molding Design Guide” to use as a reference. 

Download the Injection Molding Design Guide

The following sections examine injection molding design considerations for HDPE parts.

Wall Thickness

Whenever possible, apply a uniform wall thickness throughout your part. If you need to use a greater thickness in some areas, make the transition from thinner to thicker sections gradual. Do not use transitions that are greater than 10% to 15% of the nominal wall thickness. Generally, the recommended minimum wall thickness for HDPE ranges between 0.76 and 3.18 mm. 

Shrinkage

Injection molded HDPE has a relatively high rate of shrinkage (up to 4%). The exact percentage depends on the grade of HDPE that you select, as well as the specific processing conditions. If parts shrink unevenly during cooling, warping may occur. To limit the risk of defects, reduce the wall thickness and the size of the mold gate area. 

Radii

Sharp corners are difficult to injection mold. Therefore, apply radii to both the inside and outside corners of your part. To limit stress concentrations and melt flow, make the radii at least 25% of the wall thickness. For maximum part strength, apply a radius equal to 75% of the wall thickness.

Draft Angle

Draft is the angle that you apply to the vertical walls of parts so that they eject cleanly from the injection mold. Because HDPE has a low coefficient of friction, parts with simple shapes need very little draft. For more complex HDPE parts, apply draft angles between 0.5% and 1% per side.   

Part Tolerance

Tolerances are acceptable variations in size for overall dimensions and part features. As a rule, parts with tighter tolerances are more expensive because they have stricter injection mold and processing requirements. In addition, parts with fine tolerances are more expensive to mold than parts with commercial tolerances. 

Table 2 below contains some dimensional tolerances for HDPE. Note how they are also based on part size.

Table 2: HDPE Injection Molding Tolerances

HDPE Processing Guidelines

Adherence to HDPE processing guidelines is beyond a part designer’s immediate control. Therefore, it’s important to work with an experienced HDPE injection molder. The following processing parameters are especially important:

Moisture

HDPE does not readily absorb moisture. If stored properly, it may not need drying before injection molding. Drying is required, however, if surface moisture has settled onto the material during storage.

Temperature Control

The melt temperature for HDPE is between 246 to 280°C. The mold temperature ranges between 45 and 65°C. Increasing the mold temperature can reduce internal part stresses and produce parts with a glossier surface finish. 

Injection Pressure

The injection pressure for HDPE injection molding depends on the design and size of your part. In general, however, injection pressures range from 5.5 to 10 MPa because HDPE flows readily. Reducing the injection pressure can help reduce part warpage. 

Injection Speed

HDPE crystallizes fairly quickly. Therefore, thin-walled parts need fast injection speeds. For thicker-walled parts, medium injection speeds are recommended.

Potential Alternatives to HDPE

Injection molded HDPE might not be the best material for your application. If that’s the case, you could consider polypropylene or nylon instead. Fictiv’s injection molding services work with both of these materials.

Polypropylene

Polypropylene (PP) is a commodity thermoplastic with good fatigue strength, a low coefficient of friction, and excellent moisture resistance. Like HDPE, it’s also cost-effective.

Nylon

Nylon has good mechanical strength and can be filled with glass fibers for enhanced properties. It absorbs moisture, however, so nylon is not a good choice for injection molded products where there’s continuous contact with water.

Succeeding With HDPE Injection Molding

HDPE is an injection molding material with attractive properties, but a manufacturing-ready design and a skilled production partner are critical. Fictiv has the engineering experts and manufacturing network you need to get quality parts fast. From prototyping through production, we’re here to help you succeed.

Create your free Fictiv account and request an injection molding quote today — we mold complex parts at ridiculous speeds!

Because castor oil is a non-drying oil, interesterification and physical blend of castor oil with sacha inchi oil were compared as methods to produce drying oils that could be used for the synthesis of alkyd resins.

First of all, no significant differences were detected between the interesterified product and the physical blend by FTIR, ¹H NMR and other chemical analyses (fatty acids content, viscosity and colour).

However, a remarkably different oxidative behavior between the blend and its interesterified product was observed, i.e., the oxidative induction time of the physical blend was 0.08 h, significantly lower than that of the interesterified product (11.20 h). This indicates that, in addition to fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol composition and fatty acid location at glycerol have a strong effect in the oxidative stability. The ethanol solubility test showed a total dissolution of the interesterification product while the physical blend showed turbidity due to the non-polar nature of the sacha inchi oil.

Quite similar properties

The alkyd resins obtained from the physical blend and the interesterified product presented very similar characteristics of chemical composition, acid value, color, non-volatile matter, and viscosity. FTIR and ¹H NMR analyses did not show significant differences between both resins. The drying times (set-to-touch, dry-to-touch, dry-hard, and dry-to-handle times) were similar regardless of the resin type. However, the cured film obtained from the interesterified product showed a higher hardness (scratch and gouge) than that of the physical blend. This higher scratch/gouge hardness of the cured films derived from the interesterification product can be explained due to the possibly higher degree of crosslinking of the resin, which is consistent with the higher rate of peroxide radical production observed by FTIR.

The other properties of both cured films were quite similar, i.e., water resistance (good), alkali resistance (poor), acidic resistance (good), non-polar solvent resistance (acceptable), adhesion (strong), and drying times.

The study has been published in Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 162, January 2022.

Nowadays, the electronics industry is developing rapidly, Bluetooth earphones are no longer something new to ordinary people for a long time, but from the perspective of the development of the entire audio industry, Bluetooth earphones are still a new thing, although some high-end brands such as Sony, Qualcomm, Samsung, Apple, etc. continue to innovate, the sound quality of Bluetooth earphones still cannot catch up with traditional earphones, let alone newcomers in the field of Bluetooth–earphone bone conduction earphones. However, the bone conduction sports Bluetooth earphone Runner Pro from Naenka gave me a new understanding of bone conduction earphones.

Before reviewing the Naenka Bone Conduction Sports Bluetooth earphone Runner Pro, let’s briefly talk about what bone conduction is. Simply, bone conduction is to converse the sound into mechanical vibrations of different frequencies, and to transmit the sound waves through the human skull, bone labyrinth, inner ear lymphatic fluid, spiral organs, auditory nerve, and auditory center. Compared with the sound conduction of traditional acoustic headphones, bone conduction does not have to pass through the tympanic membrane, which can protect hearing; at the same time, bone conduction eliminates the step of sound wave transmission, which means that we can can still hear the sound of the earphone clearly in any occasion without affecting the communication with the outside world .

Well, let’s turn back to the Naenka Bone Conduction Sports Bluetooth Earphone Runner Pro. The color of Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphones is Legend Black which uses black packaging, on the front is the Naenka English LOGO rendered in golden fonts and the concept of bone conduction headphones ”Non-In-Ear Bone Conduction Technology”; on the back of the box is the rendering of the earphone, core selling points of products and the related information.

On the left side of the box is the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone, and the accessory box for the manual, charging cable and soundproof earplugs are on the right. From the appearance, the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone is made of memory aluminum alloy, silicone, and plastic. This is why it can be recovered after being bent; back-hanging earphones will hurt if they are worn for a long time, which is the indelible shortcoming of this design, so it is important to make the earphones lighter. The Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone weighs only 33 grams. The extremely light weight will not cause ear pain even if worn for a long time, and the surface of the earphone is covered with the silica gel, the whole touch is still very soft.

It is worth mentioning that the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone can be fully adapted to the frames of glasses, and there will be no problems with wearing both earphone and glasses. And even if you jump, there is almost no movement, which is quite friendly for people who wear glasses like me.

In terms of detail design, the external of the left side is the Logo “Naenka”, and the internal is the product information; at the bottom of the right side, from top to bottom, are the on-off button–press to switch on and off–and the volume increase/decrease button, the design of the entire button is not much different from similar products on the market. But the most surprising thing is the inner charging port, which uses a flat magnetic charging technology. Compared to the traditional charging port, it is not easy to bend and damage, not easy to dust, easy to clean, anti-oxidation, and enhanced waterproof effect, and extend the service life, but this also means that we must bring the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone charging cable in addition to the traditional Type-C charging cable.

Since we are talking about the charging port, let’s take a look at the battery life of the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone. Its battery capacity is 230mAh, the battery life is six hours, and the standby time is 240 hours, that is, ten days. From the actual use of the situation, after two hours of continuous use, the remaining power is 70%. Judging by  my one hour of exercise time per day, I can basically charge it once a week.

As a sports Bluetooth earphone, waterproof and sweat-proof are essential, after all, sweat is inevitable. Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone adopts seamless injection molding, fully enclosed cavity design and IPX8 waterproof and sweat-proof level to ensure that it can operate stably in various sports venues, even when swimming and bathing.

After all this, it’s time to talk about the most basic quality of headphones–listening to music. The Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone comes with 8GB of internal storage. It means that we can store 1500 songs in the earphone, including WAV, FLAC, APE, MP3, WMA and other music formats. The earphone can be connected to the computer through the data cable to transfer data and store the songs, which is the memory mode of the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone; of course, you can also connect to the device via Bluetooth for song playback, that is, the Bluetooth mode. In the current market of similar products, most of them only support the Bluetooth mode, and there are not many products that have both two modes at the same time.

For a long time, sound leakage is the inevitable problem of bone conduction headphones. The Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction headphones use a imporous body design and exclusive OT closed 2.0 sound leakage reduction technology to reduce 80% of the sound leakage, basically solve the sound leakage of most bone conduction headphones, so that the sound quality has also been greatly improved, and it can also have a good playback effect even in a noisy environment; with the new generation of vibration absorption technology, the same volume, less vibration, more comfortable to wear.

In terms of sound quality, the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction earphone is equipped with a 16nm large dynamic unit. In conjunction with the new bone conduction technology, the sound field is more open. From the audition effect, the bass can be strong and powerful, while the mid-range and the treble is delicate and extremely penetrating, and the human voice is natural. Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction headphones are excellent enough in sound control.

Noise cancellation and latency are not the key points of bone conduction headphones, while the performance of Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction headphones are also very good in these two aspects. Bluetooth 5.0 technology can achieve game optimization. It can clearly locate the position of the “enemy” through the sound in the “Game for Peace”, the perception of “enemy”, the perception of footsteps from far to near is very obvious; and with the support of the CVC 6.0 noise cancellation technology, Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction headphones can recognize human voices and noises, and can maintain a clear call in any noisy environment.

The author says

As a middle-aged man, exercise has become part of my daily life. I rarely wear headphones before, because I often wear earphone when writing articles, and exercise time is the rare the time that I don’t need to wear earphone. With the Naenka Runner Pro bone conduction headphones, wearing the headphones for a long time will not hurt the ears, and the overall sound quality is maintained at a high level.

If there are shortcomings, I personally may prefer Type-C, but of course it doesn’t matter if it is just used at home. Well, this is all the simple use method and experience of this bone conduction Bluetooth earphone. If you have any opinion about bone conduction earphones, welcome to chat together.

Schaeffler Group USA Inc., a global manufacturer of precision components for the industrial and automotive sectors, today celebrated the grand opening of its expanded manufacturing plant and new administrative building in Fort Mill, S.C. The project resulted in the creation of over 100 South Carolina jobs.

The grand opening celebration featured over 100 invited guests and dignitaries, including The Honorable Henry McMaster, Governor of South Carolina; H.E. Dr. Peter Wittig, Germany’s Ambassador to the United States; the owners of the Schaeffler Group, Mrs. Maria-Elisabeth Schaeffler-Thumann and Mr. Georg F. W. Schaeffler, as well as Mr. Klaus Rosenfeld, CEO of Schaeffler AG.

“Schaeffler is excited to celebrate another milestone in our five-decade partnership with the State of South Carolina,” said Schaeffler America CEO Bruce Warmbold. “The increased production capacity in our Fort Mill 1 plant enables our company to offer more job opportunities for residents of the Palmetto State as well as more high-tech solutions to our automotive and industrial customers.”

“South Carolina’s manufacturing industry is one of the fastest growing in the world, and we have fantastic companies like Schaeffer to thank for that,” said Governor McMaster. “Each time a company like this one commits to our state and invests in our people, it shows that our State is a great place to be doing business. Today’s celebration is just one
of many that we know the partnership between Schaeffer and South Carolina will produce in the years to come.” Schaeffler Group USA Inc.’s latest $36.5 million capital investment, which generated approximately 105 additional jobs, resulted in the construction of a new administrative office building, the expansion of one of two factories located on the company’s Fort Mill campus, and a reworked plant entrance to accommodate the growth and increase in traffic.

The factory expansion, which creates almost 35,000 sq. ft. of additional manufacturing space in the company’s Fort Mill 1 Plant, increases capacity in stamping, heat treatment and assembly for thrust bearings used in 8-, 9- and 10–speed automatic transmissions. Meanwhile, the brand-new administrative building encompasses over 64,000 sq. ft. of office space, including state-of-the-art workstations, a multimedia conference center for regional meetings, and a full-service employee cafeteria. The York County expansion is part of a $164 million capital investment in

Schaeffler’s South Carolina operations – which include facilities in Spartanburg County and Chesterfield County – that was announced back in January 2015. Collectively, the investments are expected to create more than 440 new jobs in the Palmetto State.

Headquartered in Herzogenaurach, Germany, Schaeffler is a worldwide manufacturer of high precision components and systems for the automotive industry as well as rolling and plain bearing solutions for 60 industrial sectors. With approximately 86,600 employees in 50 countries around the world, the firm truly possesses a global footprint. Schaeffler’s Americas operations, headquartered in Fort Mill, are responsible for the engineering, production, sales and marketing of three major product brands – LuK, INA
and FAG.

In the U.S. alone, Schaeffler employs approximately 6,000 people at eight factories and three technology centers spread throughout South Carolina, Ohio, Missouri, Michigan and Connecticut. The company’s apprenticeship programs, which it has offered in the U.S. for over 35 years, were highlighted in a White House roundtable discussion on vocational training programs and continuing education in the United States with President Donald Trump and German Chancellor Angela Merkel.

Schaeffler
www.schaeffler.us

For many beauty trendsetters, natural hair is in. But stepping away from relaxed ends and embracing multiple textures comes with challenges of its own, which is why many people opt to give their hair a reset by doing a “big chop.” This drastic change encourages healthy hair growth and allows you to style your new shorter ‘do with curly girl-approved methods that help your natural curls shine.

Beginning your big chop journey can be difficult. That’s why VEGAMOUR consulted with hair texture experts to discover how and why to do a big chop. Plus, discover the essentials you need to nourish and support thick, healthy looking hair.

Why Try a “Big Chop”

When you start to embrace your natural hair, you’re often dealing with considerable damage to your existing strands.

In the past, women with hair textures might’ve felt pressured to use heat and styling products to create an artificially relaxed hair texture. Recently, a growing movement to embrace your natural hair has encouraged curly girls to step away from damaging hair care routines and get to know (and love) their natural curl patterns. The big chop is a way to embrace your textured hair while eliminating strands damaged by years of heat and chemical treatments.

“[A big chop] helps you remove damaged hair,” said stylist and hair expert Ghanima Abdullah. “When you have damaged hair and split ends, the damage can spread to hair that’s growing healthily. A big chop gives you the chance to start again!”

Abdullah also said that a big chop can help your hair regain its natural texture.

“A big chop removes chemical processing that changes the texture of the hair,” she said. “Often, having one’s natural texture underneath chemically processed hair makes the whole length difficult to comb and style. Big chops give freedom from lengthy styling processes.”

Aside from getting rid of damaged strands, a big chop can help encourage curl shape and volume by supporting hydration. Curly hair is naturally hydrated by oil from the scalp’s sebaceous glands, which travel down the hair shaft, moisturizing and hydrating dry hair while reducing frizz. Chemically processed curly hair is often lacking in moisture due to repeated damaging treatments. When you do a big chop, you allow your scalp’s natural oils to nourish the whole strands as they grow, causing your air-dried curls to soak up al that natural hydration, leading to increased shape and shine.

Read: How and Why to Plop Your Curly Hair

The Challenges of a “Big Chop”

A big chop can help hair regain its texture, but making such a dramatic styling decision isn’t for everyone.

Abdullah believes that being comfortable with embracing short hair is the first step to determining if a big chop is right for you.

“[After a big chop], your hair is so short that the shape of the head is clearly visible,” she said. “If your head isn’t perfectly shaped, your big chop might look a little strange.”

She also said that cutting off so much hair can cause surprising emotional reactions.

“Some people think they are emotionally prepared to big chop, but once they do it they face a lot of societal backlash,” said Abdullah. “This can make having short hair very hard, and some of these women handle the situation by wearing a wig instead.”

If you’re not the wig type and a big chop sounds too drastic, here are a few alternatives:

• Try a “no cut” transition: Nourish your natural hair with a gentle, sulfate-free hair care routine to let your follicles improve slowly over time.
• Get a trim: Refresh damaged split ends and encourage new growth with a trim, cutting off around 1-2 inches of length.
• Opt for a medium cut: Make an appointment with a curly hair expert to remove some of your chemically treated and damaged strands. They can give you a cut that is a significant change without going all the way to a big chop. That way, you can keep some of your lengths while your new growth learns to embrace its natural texture.

How to Make the Most of Your Big Chop Experience

If you do decide to do a big chop, there are steps you can take to ensure you’re getting the optimal experience.

First, it’s critical to make sure you go to a curly hair expert who will give your hair a dry cut and understands the unique needs of textured strands.

Arrive at the salon with freshly washed but dry strands so your stylist can assess the natural condition of your curls. They’ll take the elasticity and density of your natural air-dried texture into account before cutting.

This is especially critical because hair texture plays a considerable role in how your strands will react to their big chop. Dense hair will become considerably larger and wider after its cut, while elastic strands may curl up closer, leaving you with shorter hair than you expect.

A qualified stylist will be able to help prepare you for what to expect while ensuring you get a cut that’s suited to your face shape and aesthetic, making the transition from long to short strands as seamless as possible.

The Post-Chop Transition

Embracing your natural curls isn’t always intuitive. In fact, transitioning to a more natural approach to styling your curly hair as you begin your new natural hair journey can mean relearning how to style and treat your strands. As you consider whether going for the big chop is right for you, planning how to manage your post-big chop transition is key.

After the big chop, your hair will enter a period of growth and rejuvenation. Called the “transition period” by curly hair experts, this stage is where you’ll see old hair mingled with new strands, causing your hair to have a somewhat unexpected blend of textures.

Keeping in touch with your stylist during this period is the key to handling the post-chop transition with grace. A qualified stylist can provide you with regular check-ins, during which you can expect to trim split ends, shape your hair as it grows and monitor texture to make sure your hair is getting the nourishment it needs.

Many people also use the big chop as an opportunity to switch up their hair care pattern, transitioning to natural hair products that nourish strands with natural ingredients. Adding a serum specifically designed to boost hair health after the big chop can help your hair come back faster, healthier and better looking than ever before.

Is a Big Chop Right For You?

A big chop is an opportunity to start fresh with your strands. However, every new opportunity comes with new challenges, and a big chop is no different. It’s important to be aware of these challenges before you see your stylist in order to fully prepare yourself for this massive change.

Deciding to go for a big chop can feel intimidating, but by informing yourself of the benefits and challenges of making this bold decision, you’ll be setting yourself up for decades of happy, healthy strands.

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Author

Emily Beyda

Author

Emily Beyda

Emily Beyda is a novelist, journalist and translator whose work has appeared in The Austin Chronicle, The Believer, Refinery29 and more. A graduate of New York University and Texas State MFA program in fiction, she is the author of two books: the novel "The Body Double" and "Suspended Whispers", a book of poetry in translation by Iranian poet Roja Chamankar. She's also the founder of The Coop Workshop, a community driven creative space.

LPF-T series Liquid Piston Filler is an automatic filling system, which uses compressed air as power and is made up of precision pneumatic components. It’s suitable for liquid filling and floor type. Can set manual or automatic mode. The material contact part is 304 stainless steel. Part of the air cylinder is with brand Airtac. 

Features:

√Reliable performance

√Simple operation

√Easy maintenance

√High accuracy

√Cost-effective

√Foot switch

√Table type

Application:

1. LPF-T series Liquid Piston Filler that uses compressed air as power and is made up of precision pneumatic components.

2. It is ideal for liquid filling and floor type, such as beverage, water, chemicals and so on.

3. To use in the place where there is enough space, such as small factory, monopolization shop, and workshop, etc.

During a recent study, bio-based acrylated and epoxidised jatropha oil was incorporated with graphene nanoplatelets to formulate corrosion resistance coatings.

Vegetable oil has been extensively investigated as a precursor to eco-friendly coatings as an alternative to petrochemical-based resources due to its lower carbon footprint properties. In view of this, jatropha oil (JO), a type of non-edible oil, has received significant attention in this field. A new study was undertaken to utilise acrylated epoxidised jatropha oil (AEJO) resin and to evaluate the anti-corrosion performance with the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP).

Good anti-corrosion resistance

Test results showed that the corrosion performance of AEJO-GNP nanocomposites coatings improved from the blank coating. Among all coatings tested, AEJO-0.5 wt% GNP exhibited the strongest barrier property and maximum performance in corrosion protection. The result was supported by water contact angle and pull-off adhesion tests. In addition, the highest pull-off adhesion strength for GNP fillers added coatings was established at 0.5 wt% of GNP. High hydrophobicity and pull-off adhesion strength coatings provided a physical barrier that created a tortuosity pathway for corrosive electrolytes to reach the metal surface and thus showed better anti-corrosion resistance.

The study has been published in Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 175, February 2023.

Researchers have found that the addition of Mn0.6Ni1.4Co2Oy to the resin improves the thermal stability of the coating and effectively inhibits the movement of the resin’s chain segments.

In order to make full use of solar energy and solve the problem of functional incompatibility between solar and infrared spectra, the study has cleverly aimed at the problem by designing Mn_0.6Ni_1.4Co₂O_y multi-functional interface. The Mn_0.6Ni_1.4Co₂O_y coating was obtained by a simple vacuum spraying method. It was found that the coatings prepared with the appropriate amount of MNC/resin ratio (5:5) possessed the high solar absorptivity (0.915) and low infrared emittance (0.245) at ambient temperatures, as well as excellent heat-collecting properties, which suggests that the structure of the Mn_0.6Ni_1.4Co₂O_y is maximally preserved.

Notably, the DSC results confirm that the introduction of Mn_0.6Ni_1.4Co₂O_y into the resin can strengthen the thermal stability of the coating, which is mainly attributed to the fact that Mn_0.6Ni_1.4Co₂O_y can effectively prevent the chain segment movement of the resin. Furthermore, the addition of low-emissivity aluminum powder further reduced the emissivity of the coating to 0.142 and the absorbance/emissivity ratio to 6.22 at room temperature. The coating demonstrated remarkable thermal stability and infrared stealth performance even at 300 °C, meeting the basic requirements of solar selective absorption. This work provides a low-cost and simple spray method for fabricating Mn_0.6Ni_1.4Co₂O_y solar selective absorption coating with great potential in high-temperature infrared stealth applications.

This study has been published in Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 187, February 2024.

Description

MARYLIQ RED RED CHERRY NIC SALT E-LIQUID

Please note: We anticipate delivery of Maryliq towards the end of November or early December. Please use our ‘Email me when available’ signup above to be alerted as soon as our stock arrives!

Lost Mary MaryLiq Red Cherry combines the fruity and fizzy paths of delightfully bold and vibrant cherries, full of flavour, with an energetic, fizzy experience with every puff.
Discover the full selection of MaryLiq E-Liquids to explore unique fruity and menthol combinations derived from their most popular disposable flavours, available in cost-effective and environmentally friendly e-liquid bottles.

Specifications

• Flavours: Fizzy, Cherry
• Nicotine Type: Nicotine Salt
• Bottle Size: 10ml
• Nicotine Strength: 10mg, 20mg
• VG/PG Ratio: 50/50
• Vaping Style: MTL
• Easy Fill Nozzle
• Childproof Cap

Lost Mary’s Maryliq are nicotine salt e-liquids offered in 10ml bottles. Each bottle features a childproof cap and an easy-fill nozzle, containing a generous amount of e-liquid equivalent to five of their Lost Mary BM600 disposables.

Satisfy your cravings with nicotine strengths of 10mg and 20 mg, delivering a smooth throat hit and enhanced flavour production of nicotine salts; Maryliq e-liquid ensures a satisfying vaping session that captivates your taste buds.

Designed for mouth-to-lung (MTL) vaping, Maryliq Menthol features a balanced VG/PG ratio of 50/50. This makes it suitable for lower-power devices such as Vape Starter Kits and Pod Vape Kits, delivering a smooth and consistent flavour profile.

Created by Lost Mary, a brand of Elf Bar that specialises in the disposable vape industry, Menthol MaryLiq offers the same delightful taste at an affordable price. Enjoy these incredible flavours without generating unnecessary disposable waste in a refillable and rechargeable vaping kit.