Month: April 2019

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The leader of Iran’s elite Quds Force stepped out of the shadows on Thursday to deliver a fiery speech against Donald Trump, warning the US president that if a war broke out Iran would “destroy all that you possess”.

General Qassem Soleimani, who heads the Revolutionary Guard’s expeditionary special forces, is considered of the most powerful figures in the Middle East and commands Iran’s operations in Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and Yemen. 

The general has been photographed on battlefields from Mosul to Aleppo and his image is plastered on billboards across Iran but he speaks only rarely in public. 

On Thursday he delivered a blistering response to Mr Trump’s tweet on Monday, when the US president warned Iran that if it threatened America it would face “consequences the likes of which few throughout history have ever suffered”. 

“You know that this war will destroy all that you possess,” Gen Soleimani responded in a speech in the central city of Hamedan. 

“You will start this war but we will be the ones to impose its end. Therefore you have to be careful about insulting the Iranian people and the president of our Republic.”

He told Mr Trump: “You know our power in the region and our capabilities in asymmetric war. We will act and we will work…We are near you, where you can’t even imagine."

Gen Soleimani also taunted America over its military failures in Iraq and Afghanistan and said US troops had to be supplied with "adult diapers".  

Mr Trump’s tweet had been aimed at Hassan Rouhani, the Iranian president, but Gen Soleimani told the US president to address him and not Mr Rouhani.  

"As a soldier, it is my duty to respond to Trump’s threats. If he wants to use the language of threat, he should talk to me, not to the president,” he said. 

Gen Soleimani also denounced Mr Trump for using the language of “nightclubs and gambling halls”. 

US and Iranian leaders have been trading insults and threats intensively over the last week. 

Mr Rouhani said Monday that the US should understand “that peace with Iran is the mother of all peace, and war with Iran is the mother of all wars”.

Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia suspended oil shipping through a strategic waterway near Yemen after two of its oil tankers were attacked by Houthi rebel forces, the Saudi government said. 

Khalid al-Falih, the Saudi energy minister, said the Houthis had attacked the two tankers as they made their way through the Bab al-Mandab Strait, a narrow 12-mile passage between Yemen and Djibouti. 

The strait is a key transit route for oil and other shipping line which leads up the Red Sea to the Suez Canal. Saudi Arabia said one ship was slightly damaged in the attack but there was no oil spillage. 

The Bab al-Mandab is less important the Straits of Hormuz, another narrow passage in the Persian Gulf through which handles around 20 per cent of the world’s oil exports.

Oil markets did not react strongly to the Saudi decision. Nonetheless, a prolonged halt to Saudi oil shipments through Bab al-Mandab would mean tankers going around Africa instead of using the Suez Canal, which could lead to rising oil prices. 

Kuwait said it was also considering suspending oil shipments through the straits. 

The Houthis, who are aligned with Iran, have attacked several international ships in the Red Sea. 

The US and UK have supported Saudi Arabia’s bombing campaign in Yemen partly out of fear that Iran could use the Houthis as proxies for disrupting international shipping in the event of a war. 

Hitman is getting a snazzy new Game of the Year Edition containing a bunch of new extras – and the return of Elusive Targets you may have missed.

The GOTY edition launches digitally on 7th November for PC, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One at full price for new owners including everything released so far.

Existing Hitman owners can upgrade for $20 (UK price TBA). So, what do you get for your money?

There’s a new four-mission campaign, Patient Zero, spanning reworked locations. Each features new “gameplay opportunities, disguises, characters, challenges, gameplay mechanics, AI behaviour and HUD elements”. There’s new music, too.

Three new suits and weapons, including the clown from Blood Money, are also featured. Each of these three costumes (there’s also a sniper suit and cowboy suit) has a themed Escalation Contract attached.

All Hitman owners get a free update with improvements to contracts mode and lighting, while the Xbox One X version gets native 4K support and a higher framerate.

Hitman developer IO Interactive will also switch on its one-off Elusive Targets – but if you’ve attempted one before you won’t be able to go back to it. These will be for new players, or anyone who missed a particular target last time round.

IO Interactive has yet to name a new publisher for Hitman after Square Enix consciously uncoupled from the studio earlier this year. Will there be a season two? Perhaps it depends on Game of the Year edition sales.

The European Union should have campaigned for Remain in the June 2016 vote so it could have confronted "lies" spread by Brexiteers, a senior German politician has said, as he backed calls for a second referendum.

Elmar Brok, an MEP and close ally of Chancellor Angela Merkel, told German newspaper FAZ that a second vote could avoid a chaotic Brexit. 

"If there is no exit agreement by March 29 2019 a hard Brexit will occur. So a referendum in December or January…could avert a hard Brexit," said Mr Brok, the Brexit Co-ordinator of the European People’s Party.

He added, in remarks likely to infuriate Brexiteers, that the EU should have been allowed to take part in the referendum campaign in the…

It shouldn’t come as much of a surprise to hear confirmation Grand Theft Auto 5, a game released in 2013, will not get a single-player expansion, however disappointing that may be.

Now, though, and from what I can tell is for the first time, Rockstar has explained why GTA 5 ended up without a big story add-on.

In a Q&A with Game Informer, Rockstar director of design Imran Sarwar said the company didn’t think single-player expansions for GTA5 “were either possible or necessary”.

Rockstar had released single-player expansions for previous Grand Theft Auto games and Red Dead Redemption, and very good and successful they were, too. But in a post GTA Online world, a world in which the online portion of GTA5 continues to bring in millions of dollars each month, a single-player expansion for GTA5 never materialised.

“No, it was not really a conscious decision, it’s just what happened,” Sarwar said of the lack of single-player expansions.

“We would love to do more single-player add-ons for games in the future. As a company we love single-player more than anything, and believe in it absolutely – for storytelling and a sense of immersion in a world, multiplayer games don’t rival single-player games.

“With GTA 5, the single-player game was absolutely massive and very, very complete. It was three games in one. The next-gen versions took a year of everyone’s time to get right, then the online component had a lot of potential, but to come close to realising that potential also sucked up a lot of resources. And then there are other games – in particular Red Dead Redemption 2.

“The combination of these three factors means for this game, we did not feel single-player expansions were either possible or necessary, but we may well do them for future projects.

“At Rockstar, we will always have bandwidth issues because we are perfectionists and to make huge complex games takes a lot of time and resources. Not everything is always possible, but we still love single-player open-world games more than anything. I don’t think you could make a game like GTA5 if you did not like single-player games and trying to expand their possibilities!”

So that’s that. GTA5 won’t get a single-player expansion. But Red Dead Redemption 2 may. Speaking of Red Dead Redemption 2, Sarwar said the rollout of updates for GTA Online may change a little in order to encourage players to to try Red Dead Redemption 2 and its mystery online portion.

When asked how much life is left in GTA Online, Sarwar replied:

“We don’t yet have a fixed end point in mind, but the rollout of updates may change a little in order to encourage players to try Red Dead Redemption 2 when it launches. It would be great to have players splitting time between two incredible worlds, but we shall see how things evolve.

“One of the enjoyable things about working on a project like this is that you can iterate quickly, and change and evolve plans fairly quickly too, so we don’t have to be as clear in our plans as with other projects.”

An untraceable, undetectable gun which can be produced with a 3D printer may soon be accessed by anyone on the internet.

It comes after a self-described anarchist pledged to put blueprints for the 3D-printable firearms online. The blueprints are now at the center of America’s latest gun debate.

Cody Wilson, a champion of gun-rights and self-professed anarchist from Texas, has been engaged in a legal battle with the government to share his manual with the public.

Opponents fear terrorists and criminals will exploit the loophole to produce guns, making it a threat to public safety.

But those pushing for the plans to be released argue the ban is a crackdown on freedom of speech.

The plastic gun…

There was a Sonic the Hedgehog game that came out a short while ago, you might have noticed. It was also a mighty fine Sonic the Hedgehog game, too, restoring a little swagger and glory to the series thanks to the efforts of Christian Whitehead and his team with the outstanding Sonic Mania.

And within the next few weeks, hot on the heels of a critical highpoint for Sega’s mascot in the modern era, there’s another Sonic the Hedgehog game due out. Sonic Forces is the next mainline entry, coming some six years after the fairly decent Generations, and four years after the not-so-great Lost World. Where exactly will this one land? I’m not entirely sure just yet, but I was interested to find what impact the success of Sonic Mania has had on the series – and whether any old Sonic Team series might be due a revival at any point in the future. Shun Nakamura, game designer and producer at Sonic Team, answered my questions in Tokyo late last month.

With Sonic Mania, did the appetite for a traditional 2D Sonic surprise you?

Shun Nakamura: I wasn’t that surprised – I know the 2D games are easy to understand, easy to access as a game for a lot of people. And we’ve got a huge classic Sonic fanbase, that’s always craving for that kind of content. Because it’s an easy game to sit down and play, when you release it a lot of people are going to get excited about it, especially if it’s going to be a Sega title with Sonic the Hedgehog coming back into this very familiar 2D action game. There are a lot of 2D titles out there – maybe because it was Sonic coming back into this classic world, that’s what pushed its popularity.

It’s one of the best received Sonic games, critically, for quite some time. Seeing that kind of reaction, has that made you take stock and rethink your approach with your own games?

Shun Nakamura: It was very interesting for me to see Sonic Mania come out, get very high scores and have people praise the game. From the team’s perspective, we’re still going to be making 3D games for the audience that likes that style of Sonic – when we see the reactions that Mania got, the entire team sat down and thought it was really interesting, and we should break down what people liked about Mania, and in the future – when we build our 3D games – see what essence we can take from Sonic Mania and put into a 3D world, to give people what they’re looking for and that they’ve found in Sonic Mania.

One thing that Mania did really well was nailing that feel of Sonic, the feeling of speed and momentum, and it’s something I think even Dimps struggled to capture with Sonic 4. Have you spoken to Christian Whitehead about what it is about that feel that really resonates with people – and is it something you want to emulate in your own games?

Shun Nakamura: It wasn’t really direct contact with Christian and Sonic Team, but Iizuka-san [head of Sonic Team] is located in Los Angeles – he was managing the approvals for Sonic Mania, he worked on the classics games and working with the team to make sure they had that classic feel. He was working with them to make it true to what a classic Sonic game was – he was the one saying ‘in Sonic Mania they’re doing this, you might want to add something to Forces to tie it together in some way’. But the team was very aware of what Sonic Mania was – while they were making Forces which stared many years before Sonic Mania!

When it comes to building something like Sonic Forces, it’s got such a wide fanbase – you’ve got people like me with greying beards, who played Sonic the Hedgehog when we were nine or ten, then you’ve got our kids and they want a very different thing – it must be difficult. What kind of audience are you going for with Forces? And do you sometimes see resistance from grumpy old men like me?

Shun Nakamura: Really the core audience the team was trying to get is the people who like those modern Sonic games – and even reaching beyond that core group of Sonic Fans, we created the create your own hero feature, and we’re trying to get some of the younger kids who enjoy customising things. That’s really the core main group we’re targeting when we’re making this game. From a strategic standpoint, what we really wanted to do was have two titles and not have them fight it out to see who wins. There’s the classic game that classic Sonic fans will love and get excited for – and maybe they’ll go onto Sonic to try a modern Sonic game. We wanted those fans to get what they wanted, but also maybe try something new. From a reverse standpoint, we wanted to reintroduce classic Sonic to fans of the modern games – and maybe bring our group of very divided fans together.

Having those two strands has worked quite well. Is that something you’d like to continue doing?

Shun Nakamura: That’s maybe a question more for the US team! From our perspective what we’ve seen right now of these classic Sonic fans being really happy about getting classic Sonic content is going to make us think about how we can make sure they’re happy in the future. There’s nothing to present now – but we’re all watching what’s happening this year, and it’s going to be a positive year, and we want to think about how we can do this again so that people can get what they want.

You’re bringing back Shadow for the first time in a while. Some people love him, some people not so much. Why did you want to bring him back now?

Shun Nakamura: Sonic Mania’s an expansion of the classic series – we released that for people who wanted to see what’s next after Sonic & Knuckles. Sonic Forces continues from Unleashed, Colours, Generations – it’s for that fanbase. Shadow, we wanted to bring in as he’s an extremely popular character with another subgroup of our fans – the ones who grew up playing the Adventure series. Putting Shadow into the game gets our Adventure fans really excited. He does appear in Forces as an enemy, and the additional content we’re making will dig into the story a bit more. It’s about making sure all the groups and all the people of different ages are going to find something in all the games we’re releasing.

Speaking of subsets of fans… When it comes to Sonic fans, there’s a lot of artwork on the internet. Some of it is savoury, some of it less so. Was that a consideration when you were making the avatar feature?

Shun Nakamura: I don’t get a lot of that fan art stuff.

So you have the safe search on at work?

Shun Nakamura: [laughs] Iizuka gets a lot more of that artwork, and he knows they love making their own characters over the past couple of decades. He wanted to make sure we could give those fans a tool to create a Sonic universe character. Maybe the people who live in the village that Sonic is running through – if we’re going to allow characters to be created, what are the constraints we’re going to put on it? And instead of having people make any strange character, we wanted to give them the tools to make something authentic to the universe.

You’ve got a Switch version – what have you had to do to get it running on that hardware?

Shun Nakamura: When we were doing concepts for the game, we really wanted to make it multiplatform. Regardless of what hardware you have, how you’re playing the game – the base idea is for that experience to be the same on the machine. And this was back before anyone knew what the Nintendo Switch would be. Even when we were drawing the lines of having Xbox One, PS4, we were going to have Nintendo’s new hardware – even though we didn’t know anything about it, we got the budget and schedule sorted before we even knew what existed. It was a bit of a panic when we first got the Switch – it was a little bit different to what we were expecting, so it was a case of seeing how we could make that work. There were some challenges – but because we have our own engine, we were able to customise it very quickly in a way that could work for the Switch, and in a way that it could really be the same experience on the Switch without it having to feel or look different.

I played it a while ago – is it 30fps?

Shun Nakamura: Yes, it’s a 30fps experience.

And it’s 60fps on console?

Shun Nakamura: Yes.

Speaking of the Switch, I’ve got one in my bag. There are two controllers that come off, they’ve got motion control and HD rumble. You worked on Samba de Amigo. Have you ever thought that there might be the perfect match here? We could be playing Samba de Amigo right here and right now.

Shun Nakamura: I really want to make Samba de Amigo on the Switch.

It’d be amazing. I wouldn’t have to pay quite as much money as I did for the Dreamcast version back in the day, too.

Shun Nakamura: I really, really want to make it! This is coming from someone who had to make physical items you had to buy and plug into your console in order to play Samba de Amigo at home. When the Wii came out, there was only one Wii Remote, and you had to buy another one. You could still do it, but it’s a bit of a hurdle to get over. The first time I saw the Switch, I thought oh my god – this is it! You don’t have to buy another peripheral, you don’t need to buy another controller. I’m really, really interested in that.

Well, if there’s anything we could do to help make it happen….

French wine scientists have come up with four revolutionary supergrape varieties they say are impervious to rot and thus require almost no pesticides.

But purists have warned that the lab-grown creations, which mix grape genes from around the world, could lead to dumbed-down, low-grade “Frankenstein” wine for future generations.

At first glance, the red and white grapes growing at the National Institue of Agronomical Research (Inra) in Colmar, eastern France, look like just any other you might find in this part of the world.

Yet these are a very different, revolutionary breed of grape grown in the laboratory under a programme called “Resdur."

The aim is to be “durably resistant” to fungal attack by winemakers’ two sworn enemies: downy and powdery mildew.

In recent months, Inra scientists received state authorisation to grow four varieties of resistant grape called Araban, Floreal, Voltis and Vidoc which will lead to wine bottled by 2020.

Beginners' guide to wine: advice for novices and bluffers

First attempts to create rot-resistance grapes began in the 1970s when one resistant gene was singled out, but over the last 15 years, Inra has pinpointed three more by crossing European grapes with American and Asian vines.

Didier Merdinoglu, the “father” of the Inra programme insisted that the grapes enabled winemakers to reduce the use of pesticides by 80-90 per cent.

“We are talking about dropping from an average of 15 treatments (for fungal disease) per year to one or two, above all to kill off other diseases and parasites,” he said.

Given that 20 per cent of pesticides used in France are sprayed onto vines, even though they only cover three per cent of its crops, researchers insist the breakthrough could be a godsend for the environment and wine growers’ wallets.

France is under intense pressure to reduce pesticides following a string of cancer cases among vinters and a recent scandal in which pupils at a school near a vineyard were sprayed with chemicals, leading to several falling ill.

Yet some winemakers warn the lab-grown grape varieties could kill off centuries of painstaking grape growing traditions melding European grapes with local “terroir”, or soil, by replacing them with cheap, robust ones that lack the taste and quality of existing local varietals.

Thomas Dormegnies, wine maker, researcher and taster from Vendée, western France, said: “Grape varieties in Europe have been developed by monks over centuries to suit the local soil. That is a wonderful heritage.”

 

While the new grapes were not genetically modified, the crossover of varieties from other continents would lead to “artificial and unnatural ‘Frankenstein wine’,” he told The Telegraph.

“This is like crossing a monkey with and a man: it may be technically possible but it goes against nature,” he said.

He added: “Mildew can be very well managed in organic or biodynamic wine growing via sulphur or essential oils.”

The result of flooding the market with cheap, robust grapes risked a “race to the bottom towards industrial winemaking” seeking to rival cheap plonk from Spain. 

“But the French can’t compete with their low production costs, sunny conditions and slacker environmental rules,” he said.

Taste the rainbow | How wine moved away from red and white

As for the taste, he said he had tried one sample and was underwhelmed. Tasting notes from specialists at Vitisphère.com, were polite but hardly enthusiastic, noting the wine’s “discreet nose”, “very tannic streak” and likening it to an unrefined sauvignon blanc from the deep South.

Jacques Frélin, vice president France Vin Bio told NouvelObs magazine: “It’s obvious that a hybrid grape variety will produce a wine with less personality.”

The researchers countered that every effort was being made to produce high-quality grapes, saying: “We tested and got rid of all varieties that showed excessive acidity and undesirable aromas.”

Laurent Audeguin of the French Institute of Vine and Wine said it was far too early to judge what they would taste like.

“We’ll see in which vineyards these varieties adapt the best and give the best results. It takes decades to assess a grape variety’s true worth,” he said.

A three-year-old boy found buried at a New Mexico desert compound died in a ritual to "cast out demonic spirits," but his extended family believed he would "return as Jesus" to identify "corrupt" targets for them to attack, prosecutors said in court on Monday.

Prosecutors’ account of an exorcism-like ritual, allegations of weapons training for children and references to martyrdom and conspiracy were aimed at persuading a judge to deny bond for the five adults charged with child abuse in the case.

However, state District Judge Sarah Backus said at the end of the four-hour detention hearing she remained unconvinced that the defendants posed a danger to the community and set bail at $20,000 for each of them.

"The state alleges that there was a big plan afoot," Backus said in rendering her decision. "But the state hasn’t shown to my satisfaction, in clear and convincing evidence, what that plan was."

Defence attorneys said prosecutors sought to criminalise their clients for being African-Americans of Muslim faith.

"If these people were white and Christian, nobody would bat an eye over the idea of faith healing, or praying over a body or touching a body and quoting scripture," defence lawyer Thomas Clark told reporters after the hearing. "But when black Muslims do it, there seems to be something nefarious, something evil."

Under terms of the judge’s order, four defendants were expected to be placed under house arrest with electronic ankle bracelets to ensure they remain within Taos County for the duration of the case.

The five suspects, who had established a communal living arrangement with their children in the high-desert compound, have been in custody since authorities raided their ramshackle homestead north of Taos 10 days ago.

The two men and three women are all related as siblings or by marriage. Three are the adult children of a prominent New York City Muslim cleric who is himself the biological grandfather of nine of the children involved.

The principal suspect, Siraj Ibn Wahhaj, 39, has also been charged with abducting his severely ill three-year-old son, Abdul-Ghani Wahhaj, from the Atlanta home of the boy’s mother in December.

Clark said Ibn Wahhaj would remain in custody due to a fugitive warrant against him in Georgia stemming from the cross-country manhunt that led investigators to the New Mexico compound.

The body of a young boy believed to be his son was found in a tunnel at the site three days after the raid. No charges have been filed in connection with the death.

For now, the thrust of the government’s case remains 11 counts of felony child abuse filed against each of the defendants – Ibn Wahhaj and his wife, Jany Leveille, along with his brother-in-law and sister – Lucas Morton and Subhannah Wahhaj – and a second sister, Hujrah Wahhaj.

The 11 children, ranging from one to 15 years old and described by authorities as starving and ragged when they were found, were placed in protective custody after the August 3 raid.

According to prosecutors’ presentation on Monday, some of the children were given weapons training to defend the compound against a possible raid by law enforcement. However, the government said there was more to it than that.

Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agent Travis Taylor testified that the 15-year-old son of Ibn Wahhaj recounted one of the adults telling him the spirit of the dead three-year-old would return "as Jesus" to direct the group in carrying out violent attacks. Taylor said prospective targets would include "the financial system, law enforcement, the education system."

Prosecutor John Lovelace said the three-year-old boy died during "a religious ritual" intended to "cast out demonic spirits."

Abdul-Ghani stopped breathing, lost consciousness and died during a ceremony in which his father put his hand on the boy’s head and recited verses from the Koran, Taylor testified, citing interviews with Ibn Wahhaj’s 15-year-old and 13-year-old sons.

Prosecutors said in court documents last week that all five defendants were giving firearms instruction to the children "in furtherance of a conspiracy to commit school shootings."

Authorities acknowledged in court on Monday that police had previously encountered Ibn Wahhaj, Leveille and seven of the children in December when they were involved in a traffic accident in Alabama.

Lovelace said police at the time found weapons and ammunition in the vehicle. Authorities let the group go after Ibn Wahhaj explained he was licensed to carry the guns as a private security agent and that he and the others were en route to New Mexicofor a camping trip.

Humvee suing Activision over Call of Duty

April 4, 2019 | News | No Comments

The people behind Humvee are suing Activision over the appearance of the famous military vehicle in Call of Duty.

AM General LLC said Activision incorporated its Humvee trademark without permission in the Call of Duty games, toys and strategy guides, Reuters reports.

In the lawsuit filed in Manhattan, AM General accused Activision of “taking advantage of its goodwill and reputation”.

AM General added Call of Duty’s phenomenal success came “only at the expense of AM General and consumers who are deceived into believing that AM General licenses the games or is somehow connected with or involved in the creation of the games”, which is one hell of a stretch.

Here’s another stretch: AM General said Call of Duty’s use of the Humvee “is a key selling feature of the games”. Yeah, don’t know about that.

However, it is clear Call of Duty has featured Humvees pretty heavily over the years. The Humvee is in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare: Mobilized, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, Call of Duty: Black Ops 2, Call of Duty: Ghosts, Call of Duty: Heroes and of course Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Remastered.

The video below shows a Humvee turret section in Modern Warfare 2.

AM General has done its homework, too, and pointed to a few examples of where a Humvee appears in a Call of Duty game. Here’s an excerpt:

“In Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2, multiple in-game missions and multiplayer levels include depictions of vehicles bearing the (or substantially similar) distinctive design elements of the AM General Trade Dress (“Infringing Vehicles”).

“In some instances, the game player is able to (and even required to in order to progress in the game) climb onto the Infringing Vehicles and climb into (viewing the interior) and ride in the Infringing Vehicles while controlling and firing a weapon on the vehicle.

“In others, the player is tasked with manning a weapon from a helicopter to protect Infringing Vehicles that are seen driving on the ground below. At various points in the game, the Infringing Vehicles are explicitly and misleadingly identified using AM General’s marks as, E.g. ,’HUMVEE 01 M1026 HMMWV.’

“In other instances, the characters explicitly and misleadingly refer to the Infringing Vehicles as the ‘Humvee,’ including dialog that states ‘We’re leaving on Hunter Three’s Humvee, over.'”

AM General wants compensatory, punitive and triple damages from Activision. Apparently the two parties have been discussing the issue for over a year but the talks ended in failure.

Activision declined to comment. One to watch!

NASA named the first nine astronauts who will fly to space on Boeing and SpaceX vehicles in 2019 on Friday – a mix of novices and veterans who are tasked with restoring America’s ability to send humans into orbit.

These pioneering flights to the International Space Station aboard commercially built crew capsules will be the first leaving US soil to put people into orbit since the iconic space shuttle program ended in 2011.

For the past seven years, NASA astronauts have hitched rides to the orbiting outpost on Russia’s Soyuz spacecraft – at a cost of some $80 million a seat.

"This is a big deal for our country and we want America to know that we are back, that we are flying American astronauts on American rockets from American soil," NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine said as he unveiled the crew members in Houston, Texas.

An unmanned Boeing flight test is scheduled for later this year, with the first crew on board in mid-2019, NASA said.

For SpaceX, a demonstration flight with no passengers is set for November 2018, and the first manned flight set for April 2019.

Those named for the crew test flights for Boeing’s Starliner include NASA shuttle veterans Eric Boe and Christopher Ferguson, along with Nicole Aunapu Mann, a naval aviator who was named a NASA astronaut in 2013 and will be making her first flight to space.

"It is going to be a proud moment for America," Mann said.

US President Donald Trumpalso praised the news while giving himself a pat on the back: "NASA, which is making a BIG comeback under the Trump Administration, has just named 9 astronauts for Boeing and Spacex space flights," he tweeted.

"We have the greatest facilities in the world and we are now letting the private sector pay to use them," Trump said. "Exciting things happening."

"Space Force!" he added, referencing a sixth branch of the military he has called for that would focus on defending US interests.

SpaceX’s first crew tests will be manned by shuttle veterans Robert Behnken and Douglas Hurley.

After that, the companies move on to actual missions.

NASA "has contracted six missions, with as many as four astronauts per mission, for each company," the agency said.

On board Starliner’s first mission will be NASA veteran Sunita Williams, a retired Navy captain and experienced space shuttle astronaut, and Josh Cassada, a Navy pilot making his first flight to space.

SpaceX’s first crew will include naval aviator Victor Glover, also a novice to spaceflight, and shuttle veteran Michael Hopkins.

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More astronauts will be announced to join the crews at a later date, NASA said.

NASA awarded contracts to Boeing and SpaceX in 2014 as part of its commercial crew program, aimed at helping private industry build spaceships to reach low-Earth orbit.

"The goal is to have safe, reliable and cost-effective access to and from the International Space Station and foster commercial access to other potential low-Earth orbit destinations," NASA said.

The US space agency, meanwhile, is working on building rockets and spacecraft that could allow humans to return to the Moon in the coming decade.

Both Boeing and SpaceX are slightly behind schedule when it comes to their crew vehicles.

The first manned flights were initially supposed to take place in 2018.